Summary


"Peace on Earth" opens with the speaker hearing Christmas bells ring out their ancient carol across Christendom — until cannon fire from the Civil War drowns the hopeful song in violence and grief. Longfellow captures the anguish of a world torn apart, where hate seems to silence every promise of goodwill. Yet the bells ring back louder, insisting that God is not absent and that right will ultimately prevail. The poem moves with raw emotion from joy to despair to defiant, hard-won hope.

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I heard the bells on Christmas Day
Their old, familiar carols play,
    And wild and sweet
    The words repeat,
Of peace on earth, good-will to men!

And thought how, as the day had come,
The belfries of all Christendom
    Had rolled along
    The unbroken song
Of peace on earth, good-will to men!

Till, ringing, singing on its way,
The world revolved from night to day,
    A voice, a chime,
    A chant sublime
Of peace on earth, good-will to men!

A man in a winter coat gazes up at a ringing church belfry in the snow, in Peace on Earth by Longfellow.

Then from each black, accursed mouth
The cannon thundered in the South,
    And with the sound
    The carols drowned
Of peace on earth, good-will to men!

It was as if an earthquake rent
The hearthstones of a continent,
    And made forlorn
    The households born
Of peace on earth, good-will to men!

And in despair I bowed my head;
“There is no peace on earth,” I said;
    “For hate is strong,
    And mocks the song
Of peace on earth, good-will to men!”

Then pealed the bells more loud and deep:
“God is not dead, nor doth He sleep!
    The Wrong shall fail,
    The Right prevail,
With peace on earth, good-will to men!”

Credits

Henry Wadsworth Longfellow was one of America's most beloved 19th-century poets, known for bridging lyrical beauty with moral seriousness. He wrote this poem on Christmas Day 1863, during the darkest years of the American Civil War — a grief made more personal by his son's near-fatal wounding in battle earlier that year.